The rock carvings of the Val Camonica
A must-visit archeological park
The rock carvings, particularly those found in the Val Camonica, are an essential testimony of humanity's past—a fascinating journey to explore the deepest roots of human history. Visiting these sites offers the chance to admire ancient artworks while reflecting on the anthropological and cultural history of the Italian Alps.
These incredible prehistoric carvings represent some of the earliest evidence of human presence in Italy. They are found in the Valle Camonica, an alpine region also renowned for its stunning hiking and natural scenery. Today, they are recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and their value is immeasurable. These carvings, etched onto outcropping rocks in various locations throughout the valley, depict the lives, beliefs and practices of populations that lived in the region starting from the Paleolithic period, about 12,000 years ago.
What the Rock carvings depict
The rock carvings consist of figurative and symbolic representations carved directly onto the rock surfaces by the valley's ancient inhabitants using sharp stone tools.
The images vary widely and are numerous: scenes of hunting and warfare, stylized human figures, animals, astronomical symbols and geometric patterns. These carvings provide invaluable insights into the daily activities and spiritual beliefs of ancient populations, representing one of the earliest forms of visual communication in human history.
The National Park of Rock carvings
The National Park of Rock carvings at Naquane is one of the primary locations where these ancient artworks can be admired. Established in 1955 by the Superintendency, it was Italy’s first archaeological park and one of the first in the world dedicated to the conservation of rock carvings. Located in the municipality of Capo di Ponte in Brescia province, it is one of the most important and visited sites in the Val Camonica.
The park features over 140 engraved rocks spread across approximately 14 hectares. Visitors can admire some of the valley’s most significant carvings, primarily from the Iron Age (1st millennium BC). Iconic images include anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures, scenes of duels and ritual dances, interspersed with numerous solar symbols and other decorative elements illustrating the religious and cosmological beliefs of the time.
The park’s well-marked paths allow visitors to explore various areas independently, with informative panels explaining the significance of the carvings. Guided tours are also available for a deeper understanding of the site and the techniques used to create the carvings. Due to its historical and cultural importance, the National Park of Rock carvings is a must-visit for anyone interested in understanding the evolution of civilization in the Alpine region.
Eight Archaeological Parks Dedicated to the Carvings
In addition to the National Park at Naquane, the Valle Camonica is home to seven other archaeological parks dedicated to preserving and showcasing these carvings. These parks, spread throughout the valley, offer a comprehensive and diverse view of the region’s carving styles and periods.
Municipal Archaeological Park of Seradina-Bedolina
Also located in Capo di Ponte, this park features carvings from the Bronze and Iron Ages, depicting human figures, animals and village scenes.
National Archaeological Park of the Cemmo Boulders
Situated in Cemmo (another hamlet of Capo di Ponte), this park contains some of the valley’s oldest carvings from the Neolithic period, primarily representing human figures and hunting scenes.
Inter-Municipal Archaeological Park of Luine, Lago Moro and Monticolo
Found in Darfo Boario Terme, this park contains carvings spanning from the Neolithic to the Iron Age, with numerous depictions of animals and daily life.
Municipal Archaeological Park of Asinino-Anvòia
Located in Ossimo, this park features Neolithic carvings, including numerous anthropomorphic figures and religious symbols.
Archaeological and Mining Park of Sellero
Although the carvings here are fewer, they cover a wide range of themes, such as anthropomorphic figures, hunting scenes and solar symbols.
Municipal Archaeological Park of Sonico
This multi-themed trail, known as the “Coren delle Fate,” is located in Sonico and is renowned for medieval-era carvings depicting daily life and Christian symbols.
Archaeological Park of Ceto, Cimbergo and Paspardo
Situated in Cimbergo, this park showcases prehistoric and medieval carvings with a strong presence of anthropomorphic figures.
How to Visit the Rock carvings
The best way to reach the Valle Camonica is by car, taking the A4 motorway to the Brescia exit and following the SS42 road directly into the valley. Alternatively, visitors can use the train, with direct connections from Brescia to Edolo, stopping at major towns like Capo di Ponte, Darfo Boario Terme and Cividate Camuno.
Once in the valley, the parks are well-marked and, in most cases, accessible with a short walk. For a more in-depth experience, guided tours offered by individual parks are recommended. Some parks also provide educational workshops for children and families, offering hands-on experience with prehistoric carvings techniques.
The Val Camonica is also rich in hiking and natural trails, allowing visitors to combine exploring the carvings with enjoying the breathtaking Alpine landscapes.
